BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �




                           SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                  Carol Liu, Chair
                             2013-2014 Regular Session
                                          

          BILL NO:       SB 1455
          AUTHOR:        DeSaulnier
          AMENDED:       March 26, 2014
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 2, 2014
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lenin Del Castillo

           NOTE  :  This bill has been referred to the Committees on  
                    Education and Governance
          and Finance.  A "do pass" motion should include referral to the  
                    Committee on 
          Governance and Finance.  

           SUBJECT  :  California Reading and Literacy Improvement and  
                    Public Library Construction and Renovation Bond Act  
                    of 2014.
          
           SUMMARY   
          
          This bill enacts the California Reading and Literacy  
          Improvement and Public Library Construction and Renovation Bond  
          Act of 2014 to be submitted to the voters at the 2014 statewide  
          primary election.  If approved by the voters, the Act would  
          authorize the issuance of an unspecified amount in general  
          obligation bonds for public library construction and  
          renovation. 
          
          BACKGROUND  
          
          In 1988, the voters approved $75 million in state general  
          obligation bonds under the California Library Construction and  
          Renovation Bond Act of 1988 to establish a grant fund for the  
          acquisition, construction, remodeling, or rehabilitation of  
          public library facilities.  
          
          In 2000, the voters approved $350 million in state general  
          obligation bonds under the California Reading and Literacy  
          Improvement and Public Library Construction and Renovation Bond  
          Act of 2000 (Proposition 14) for the purpose of financing  
          public library construction and renovation.  These funds have  
          been fully expended.
          
          In June of 2006, the voters rejected Proposition 81, a $600  
          million state general obligation bond measure, with  




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          approximately 53% of voters voting against it.  Proposition 81,  
          similar to the California Reading and Literacy Improvement and  
          Public Library Construction and Renovation Bond Act of 2000,  
          would have provided financing for public library construction  
          and renovation.  However, the measure would have given priority  
          to projects that were deemed "Outstanding" for Proposition 14  
          funds but not funded in the third application cycle.
          
           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  :
          
          1)   Places a general obligation bond measure for an  
               unspecified amount on the 2014 statewide general election  
               ballot to finance a public library construction and  
               renovation program utilizing a competitive grant process.   


          2)   Authorizes the California Public Library Construction  
               Board to adopt rules, regulations, and policies for the  
               bond program and review grant applications.

          3)   Requires recipients to provide matching funds in an amount  
               equal to 35 percent of the costs of the project and limits  
               state funding available to a maximum of
          $30 million per project.

          4)   Establishes criteria and procedures for the allocation of  
               grant funds. 

          5)   Specifies intent of the Legislature that the State  
               Librarian and the Bond Board develop an application  
               process that is sufficiently streamlined to decrease  
               application costs and incentivize a high number of library  
               applicants to participate.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  :  According to the author's office,  
               public libraries are a vital part of the educational  
               system.  They provide resources and services for all  
               residents of California, including preschoolers and K-12  
               and college-aged students.  Libraries are offering  
               essential public services such as online homework  
               tutoring, computer-based resume building, job search  
               programs, and literacy tutoring.  The author's office  
               indicates that in new communities, residents are demanding  
               library facilities, and in older communities, many  




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               libraries are inadequate and are in need of rehabilitation  
               or seismic retrofit upgrade.  Additionally, several  
               libraries lack the physical infrastructure to allow them  
               to benefit from modern broadband technology upgrades.

           2)   Proposition 14  .  In March 2000, voters approved  
               Proposition 14, a $350 million library bond measure.  Due  
               to high demand, the California Public Library Construction  
               and Renovation Board was forced to deny approximately 75  
               percent of all applications due to lack of additional bond  
               funding.  The chart below shows the Proposition 14 grants  
               awarded and projects funded by the California Public  
               Construction and Renovation Board in each cycle.  


           -------------------------------------------- 
          |Project Applications   |Grant Awards        |
           -------------------------------------------- 
          |----+-------+----------+-----+--------------|
          |Cycl|#      |State     |Proje|State Funds   |
          |e   |Projects |Funds     |cts  |Allocated     |
          |    |       |Requested |     |              |
          |    |       |          |     |              |
          |----+-------+----------+-----+--------------|
          |Cycl|     61|$530,430,8|   17|  $145,395,447|
          |e 1 |       |        15|     |              |
          |    |       |          |     |              |
          |----+-------+----------+-----+--------------|
          |Cycl|     66|$547,149,5|   16|$108,157,632  |
          |e 2 |       |        19|     |              |
          |----+-------+----------+-----+--------------|
          |Cycl|     72|$586,692,4|   12|   $80,588,293|
          |e 3 |       |        42|     |              |
          |----+-------+----------+-----+--------------|
          |    |       |Total     |   45|  $334,141,372|
          |    |       |Funded:   |     |              |
          |----+-------+----------+-----+--------------|
          |    |       |Sq Ft.:   |     |    $1,503,471|
          |----+-------+----------+-----+--------------|
          |    |       |Avg.      |     |$7,425,364    |
          |    |       |State     |     |              |
          |    |       |Grant:    |     |              |
           -------------------------------------------- 

           3)   Needs assessment  .  A 2007 needs assessment, conducted by  
               the California State Library, indicated there were more  
               than 662 public library projects that need to be built or  
               renovated from the 2007 fiscal year through the 2016  




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               fiscal year, totaling over $8 billion.  The State Library  
               does not expect to complete a comprehensive update of this  
               needs assessment at this point in time.  However, the  
               author's office estimates that the current need for  
               statewide public library construction, renovation, and  
               retrofit still exceeds well over $4 billion.  The  
               California Library Association acknowledges that the 2007  
               needs assessment has likely changed, but they still  
               anticipate the overall need to be significant, likely in  
               excess of $7 billion.   

          4)   The state's funding priorities .  In 2006, Proposition 81  
               would have required that priority be given to eligible  
               projects that were not funded in the third application  
               cycle of the 2000 bond program, effectively earmarking 50%  
               of the $600 million of the funds that would have been  
               available. This bill does not require that such priority  
               be given to projects that were not funded in the 2000 bond  
               program.  Consequently, representatives of some of the  
               unfunded library projects from 2000 may argue that this  
               bill forces them to "lose their place in line" and start  
               over in the planning process.  However, rising  
               construction costs and new building codes could  
               effectively make the old applications outdated and support  
               the argument that the new bond program should begin with a  
               level playing field.  
          
           5)   Infrastructure Bonds  .  The Legislative Analyst Office  
               recently released its review of the 2014 California  
               Five-Year Infrastructure Plan and raised many issues worth  
               consideration.  These issues include the state's long-term  
               policy and infrastructure goals and how the state should  
               prioritize competing needs for capital facilities,  
               including transportation, K-12 education, higher  
               education, and water resources.  

               The annual debt-service cost to the General Fund is  
               estimated to be $5.6 billion in the 2014-15 fiscal year  
               and expected to rise to approximately $5.8 billion in  
               2017-18.  This bill would increase the annual debt-service  
               cost to the General Fund, however the exact impact is  
               unknown.  

           6)   Amendments  .  As previously mentioned, the State Library  
               will not be completing a comprehensive needs assessment on  
               the construction needs for public libraries.  Many will  
               argue that the needs for both renovation and new  
               construction are significant, especially considering the  




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               number of qualified applications that went unfunded from  
               Proposition 14.  But it has been over a decade since the  
               state has provided resources for library construction and  
               based on the widely differing estimates provided by the  
               author and the California Library Association, we do not  
               have sufficient data that demonstrates the current overall  
               need for library construction.  Therefore, staff  
               recommends that the bill be amended to require the State  
               Library to conduct a comprehensive needs assessment on the  
               renovation of existing public libraries and construction  
               for new public libraries, to be reported to the Governor  
               as well as the appropriate policy and fiscal committees of  
               both houses of the Legislature.  Staff also recommends  
               that the bill be amended to place the proposed bond  
               measure on the 2016 statewide general election ballot  
               instead of the 2014 ballot, to allow for sufficient time  
               for the needs assessment to be completed and provided to  
               the Legislature.

           7)   Prior legislation  .  This bill is similar to SB 156  
               (Simitian) in 2007, which would have submitted a measure  
               to voters at the 2008 statewide primary election and  
               authorize the issuance of $4 billion in general obligation  
               bonds for public library construction and renovation.   
               This bill was held in the Senate Appropriations Committee.
          
               SB 1161 (Alpert), Chapter 698, 2004, placed the California  
               Reading and Literacy Improvement and Public Library  
               Construction and Renovation Bond Act of 2006 (Proposition  
               81) on the June 2006 ballot, which failed passage with  
               52.7% of voters voting against the initiative.  
               
           SUPPORT
           
          California Library Association
          Letters from individuals
          
           OPPOSITION
           
          None on file.