BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



SENATE RULES COMMITTEE                           AB 1676  
Office of Senate Floor Analyses
1020 N Street, Suite 524
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                                                          .

                        THIRD READING
                                                              
                                                          .
  
Bill No:  AB 1676
Author:   Bowen (D), et al
Amended:  8/20/98 in Senate
Vote:     21
                                                              
                                                             
  .  

  SENATE BUSINESS & PROFESSIONS COMMITTEE  :  6-0, 6/22/98
AYES:  Johannessen, Greene, Kelley, O'Connell, Rosenthal,  
  Polanco
NOT VOTING:  Ayala

  SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  8-3, 8/19/98
AYES:  Johnston, Alpert, Burton, Dills, Hughes, Karnette,  
  Leslie, Mountjoy
NOES:  Johnson, Kelley, McPherson
NOT VOTING:  Calderon, Vasconcellos

  ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  62-13, 5/18/98 - See last page for vote
                                                              
                                                          .

SUBJECT  :    Advertising:  electronic mail

  SOURCE  :     Author
                                                              
                                                          .

DIGEST  :    This bill prohibits the practice of sending  
unsolicited commercial electronic mail, which is commonly  
referred to as spam or junk e-mail.

  ANALYSIS  :    Existing law:

1.Regulates advertising and provides that any violation of  
  those provisions generally is a misdemeanor, as well as  
  subject to injunctive relief and civil penalties.






2.As part of that advertising law, specifically prohibits a  
  person conducting business in this state from faxing  
  unsolicited advertising material, unless certain  
  conditions are satisfied, including a toll-free telephone  
  number recipients may call to stop such unsolicited faxes  
  ("opt out") and notice thereof in the fax.  Makes a  
  failure to comply with a recipient's request to stop  
  unsolicited faxes an infraction with up to $500 fine for  
  each and every fax transmission.

3.Does not require electronic mail (e-mail) to be labeled  
  to disclose its content.

This bill:

1.Expands the existing prohibition against unsolicited  
  faxed advertisements by amending it to include the  
  transmission of unsolicited advertising by e-mail.

2.Requires the sender of the unsolicited e-mail  
  advertisement to provide either a toll-free telephone  
  number or valid sender operated return e-mail address  
  that the recipient of the advertisement may call or  
  e-mail to notify the sender not to e-mail further  
  unsolicited documents ("opt-out" provision).

3.Requires the unsolicited e-mail advertisements to contain  
  a statement of specified size type, disclosing the  
  toll-free number or e-mail address which the recipient  
  may notify to stop further unsolicited e-mail  
  advertisements.

4.Prohibits sending unsolicited e-mail ads to any recipient  
  who has notified the sender to stop further unsolicited  
  e-mails.

5.Specifies that, in the case of e-mail, this bill shall  
  apply when the unsolicited e-mailed documents are  
  delivered to a California resident via an electronic mail  
  service provider's service or equipment located in this  
  state.

6.Defines "electronic mail service provider" to mean any  
  business or organization qualified to do business in this  
  state that provides individuals, corporations, or other  
  entities the ability to send or receive electronic mail  
  through equipment located in this state and that is an  
  intermediary in sending or receiving electronic mail.  

  Defines "unsolicited e-mailed documents" to mean any  





  e-mailed document, or documents, consisting of  
  advertising material for the lease, sale, rental, gift  
  offer, or other disposition of any realty, goods,  
  services, or extension of credit that meet both of the  
  following requirements:

   A.   The documents are addressed to a recipient with  
     whom the initiator does not have an existing business  
     or personal relationship.

   B.   The documents are not sent at the request of, or  
     with the express consent of, the recipient.

7.Excludes from these prohibitions, a telecommunications  
  utility or Internet service provider which merely carries  
  the transmission over its network.

8.Requires any unsolicited e-mail advertisements for the  
  sale, lease, rental, gift offer, or other disposition of  
  property or services, or for the extension of credit, to  
  include the acronym  label "ADV." in the first four  
  characters of the e-mail's subject line, and to include  
  the acronym label "ADV:ADLT" in the first eight  
  characters of an e-mail's subject line when the goods or  
  services may only be viewed or purchased by someone 18  
  years of age or older (e-mail labeling requirement).

9.Becomes inoperative if federal law on this subject is  
  enacted.

  Comments  

The bill is sponsored by its author to prevent unsolicited  
e-mail advertisements by providing consumer recipients with  
the right to "opt-out" of spam distribution lists, and  
penalizing spammers who do not provide consumers with the  
specified means to opt-out or who fail to comply with their  
requests to stop transmitting unsolicited advertisements.   
It is modeled after the current prohibitions against  
unsolicited junk fax advertisements and federal  
telemarketing law that make it illegal for telemarketers to  
make unsolicited calls to individuals who have requested  
not to be called.  The author's office notes that the bill  
contains similar provisions to those currently being  
proposed at the federal level.

  Background  

Opponents of unsolicited mass e-mail advertisements argue  
that Internet users face a daily onslaught of unsolicited  





e-mail from Internet businesses advertising goods and  
services.  The practice of sending mass unsolicited  
e-mails, known as "spamming," often imposes a significant  
time burden on Internet users and often can slow down or  
completely disrupt on-line service, and can be a costly and  
time consuming nuisance for recipients who are a captive  
audience.

America OnLine, a major Internet Service Provider (ISP) has  
reported that, on average, about 30 percent of the  
estimated 30 million e-mail messages transmitted on its  
network each day are unsolicited commercial e-mail.   
Supporters of anti-spamming legislation argue that the high  
volume of junk e-mail places a tremendous burden on ISP's  
when they have to process and store such high amounts of  
data.  Spam opponents note that simply deleting junk e-mail  
does not end the problem for consumers or ISP's because  
there is no real cost to sending mass e-mails.  Rather,  
such junk e-mail shifts the majority of advertising costs   
from the advertiser to the recipient because individuals  
and their ISP's bear the costs in lost time, damaged  
equipment, lost productivity, and lost business  
opportunities.
  
Similar or Related Legislation

 AB 1629 (Miller), on Senate Third Reading File, prohibits  
unauthorized electronic mail advertisements and the  
unauthorized use of Internet domain names.

AB 2640 (Bowen), currently in Assembly Judiciary Committee,  
is another anti-spamming bill that would create additional  
civil remedies recoverable by ISP's for unauthorized domain  
name usage - allowing recovery of actual damages or an  
amount determined as specified.
  
FISCAL EFFECT  :   Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
Local:  Yes


















According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

  Major Provisions            1998-99            1999-00            
  2000-2001           Fund

 Enforcement                 Unknown, non reimbursable -      
                     Local 
                                      misdemeanor.

Senate Appropriation Committee staff notes that, since many  
Internet providers are located outside of California,  
compliance and enforcement of the labeling provisions of  
this bill may be difficult.
  
SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/21/98)

Silicon Valley Software Industry Coalition
Consumer Federation of California
Consumer Action 
Californians Against Waste
American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
Employees
Adult Webmasters Association
California District Attorneys Association
CalPIRG

  OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/24/98)

California Internet Industry Alliance
California Alliance for Consumer Protection 
The Adult Entertainment Industry Education Fund
ALERT (Adult Liberties & Erotic Rights are Threatened)
Adult Webmasters Association

  ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The bill is supported by Consumer  
Action (CA), Californians Against Waste (CAW) and the  
American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
Employees (AFSCME).  CA states that the problem of spam has  
exploded in recent years and that without the bill  
consumers will have no method to remove themselves from  
spam e-mail lists.  CA states that the Internet community  
has done what they can to stop spam, that it is a losing  
battle as there is no disincentive to deter commercial  
users from sending unwanted e-mail.  CA believes the bill's  
"opt-out" feature and a $250 fine is a good first step.   
CAW states that the ability of advertisers to send  
unsolicited ads to millions at the click of a button has  





brought "waste" to a whole new level and that the bill's  
provisions would help curb spam and ensure that e-mail is  
used only for legitimate purposes.

The California District Attorneys Association (CDAA) has  
taken a support if amended position on this bill.  The CDAA  
believes criminalizing unsolicited e-mail ads is a good  
idea but believes the bill's penalty for failing to stop  
transmitting unsolicited e-mail after requested to do so by  
a recipient should be changed from an infraction to a  
misdemeanor, so it will be consistent with the misdemeanor  
penalty applicable to the other prohibitions in the bill.

  ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The California Internet  
Industry Alliance states that this bill, "contains a  
provisor that requires the "labeling" of unsolicited  
electronic mail.  Because the Internet is used by companies  
and individuals throughout the world it is simply  
unworkable for the State of California to propose to  
require a California solution to labeling unsolicited  
electronic mail.

"The bill seeks to apply to everyone conducting business in  
California.  There is no way for the sender of electronic  
mail in another state or county to know if the e-mail  
address is in California.  Further, millions of non-English  
speaking senders and recipients would not understand the  
acronyms used."

  ASSEMBLY FLOOR :  
AYES:  Alby, Alquist, Aroner, Baca, Battin, Bordonaro,  
  Bowen, Brown, Bustamante, Campbell, Cardenas, Cardoza,  
  Cedillo, Cunneen, Davis, Ducheny, Escutia, Figueroa,  
  Firestone, Frusetta, Gallegos, Granlund, Havice,  
  Hertzberg, Honda, Keeley, Knox, Kuehl, Kuykendall, Leach,  
  Lempert, Leonard, Machado, Margett, Martinez, Mazzoni,  
  McClintock, Migden, Miller, Morrissey, Murray,  
  Napolitano, Oller, Ortiz, Papan, Perata, Prenter, Runner,  
  Scott, Shelley, Strom-Martin, Sweeney, Takasugi,  
  Thompson, Thomson, Torlakson, Vincent, Washington, Wayne,  
  Wildman, Wright, Villaraigosa
NOES:  Ackerman, Aguiar, Ashburn, Baldwin, Baugh, Bowler,  
  Brewer, Kaloogian, Morrow, Olberg, Poochigian, Pringle,  
  Woods
NOT VOTING:  Floyd, Goldsmith, House, Pacheco, Richter


CP:cm  8/24/98  Senate Floor Analyses
              SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE
                      ****  END  ****