BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                          AB 55
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ASSEMBLY THIRD READING
AB 55 (Migden)
As Amended April 27, 1999
Majority vote 

  HEALTH              9-5         JUDICIARY           10-4        
  
 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
|Ayes:|Gallegos, Corbett,        |Ayes:|Kuehl, Aroner, Bock,      |
|     |Firebaugh, Kuehl,         |     |Corbett, Jackson, Knox,   |
|     |Steinberg, Thomson,       |     |Longville, Shelley,       |
|     |Vincent, Wayne, Wildman   |     |Steinberg, Wiggins        |
|     |                          |     |                          |
|-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
|Nays:|Granlund, Aanestad,       |Nays:|Ackerman, Robert Pacheco, |
|     |Bates, Strickland,        |     |House, Strickland         |
|     |Thompson                  |     |                          |
|     |                          |     |                          |
 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
  APPROPRIATIONS      14-6                                        
  
 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
|Ayes:|Migden, Cedillo, Davis,   |     |                          |
|     |Hertzberg, Kuehl, Papan,  |     |                          |
|     |Romero, Shelley,          |     |                          |
|     |Steinberg, Thomson,       |     |                          |
|     |Wesson, Wiggins, Wright,  |     |                          |
|     |Aroner                    |     |                          |
|     |                          |     |                          |
|-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
|Nays:|Brewer, Ashburn, Battin,  |     |                          |
|     |Pescetti, Maldonado,      |     |                          |
|     |Runner,                   |     |                          |
|     |                          |     |                          |
 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
  SUMMARY  :  Expedites health plan and Department of Corporations  
(DOC) review of consumer complaints, establishes an independent  
medical review system for unresolved consumer complaints against  
health plans, and holds health plans and managed care entities  
liable in court for patient harm resulting from the failure to  
exercise ordinary care.  Specifically,  this bill  :   

1)Allows enrollees to seek DOC review of unresolved  grievances  
  after 30 days (instead of the current 60 days), requires plans  
  to provide enrollees with a written status report on  
  grievances within 15 days (instead of the current 30 days) and  







                                                          AB 55
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  requires plans to act on emergency grievances, including those  
  involving severe pain, within three days from receipt of the  
  grievance (instead of the current five days).

2)Establishes an Independent Medical Review System that requires  
  health plans to provide enrollees the opportunity to seek an  
  independent review whenever health services have been denied,  
  significantly delayed, terminated or otherwise limited by a  
  plan or one of its contracting providers based in whole or in  
  part on a finding that the proposed health services are not  
  medically necessary or appropriate.

3)Provides that independent reviews be conducted by expert  
  medical organizations independent of health plans and  
  certified by an accrediting organization, pursuant to conflict  
  of interest provisions. 

4)Directs DOC to adopt the determination of the independent  
  review entity, which shall be binding on the health plan.  In  
  cases where the enrollee's position prevails, the plan must  
  either offer the enrollee the disputed health care service or  
  reimburse the enrollee for care received if so directed by  
  DOC.

5)Requires a similar but unspecified independent medical review  
  system to be established in the Department of Insurance (DOI)  
  for review of similar decisions by health insurers. 

6)Provides that a health plan shall have a duty of ordinary care  
  to provide medically appropriate health services and shall be  
  liable for any and all harm resulting from the failure to  
  exercise ordinary care.

7)Declares that there shall be no liability on the part of an  
  employer that purchases health coverage or assumes risk on  
  behalf of its employees. 

  EXISTING LAW  :

1)Provides for the regulation of health plans by DOC and the  
  regulation of health insurers by DOI.

2)Requires health plans and health insurers to establish  
  external, independent review systems to examine coverage  
  decisions regarding experimental or investigational therapies  
  for patients.







                                                          AB 55
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  FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
Committee analysis, significant costs to DOC to implement the  
independent review process, exceeding $6.5 million annually,  
with these costs fully offset by fees paid by health plans.  As  
a purchaser of health care from health plans, a portion of these  
costs would be borne by the state.  In addition, the bill's  
liability provisions will cause health plan costs to rise  
through higher premiums, which in part will be passed on to the  
state as a purchaser of health care. 

  COMMENTS  :  The author maintains that this bill will restore  
consumer confidence in our health care system by requiring an  
independent, outside review when health maintenance  
organizations (HMOs) deny care, and by giving consumers access  
to the courts in the same manner as public employees who are  
injured by HMOs.  This bill rectifies the current situation  
where patients and their doctors who believe needed care has  
been denied can be left hanging while the health plan dispute  
resolution process drags on indefinitely.  The author believes  
that when HMOs deny a patient care, those patients should have  
the right to an independent look from medical experts concerned  
with that patient's health, not HMO personnel preoccupied with  
the bottom line.

Supporters argue that experience in other states that have  
independent review systems has shown that the mere existence of  
such a process acts as a policing mechanism that increases the  
reasonableness of health plans in reviewing the medical  
necessity of decisions.  They also believe that this bill will  
help ensure that health care treatment decisions are driven by  
physicians and not health plans.  Supporters also endorse giving  
injured private sector employees the right to sue HMOs, a right  
now enjoyed only by public employees, so that all patients  
injured by negligent HMO conduct can recover damages.   

Opponents object to the provisions in this bill which increase  
health plan liability.  In particular, they object to the fact  
that the liability provisions withhold MICRA protection for  
HMOs.  They argue that the liability provisions will result in  
defensive medical practices that will lead to increased costs  
and unnecessary treatment, and as costs go up the number of  
uninsured will go up as well.  The opponents favor independent  
review over liability lawsuits.  In addition to concerns about  
the liability provisions, the health plans seek amendments  
regarding independent review to ensure that decisions are  







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admissible in court. 

AB 1621 (Thomson), SB 189 (Schiff) and SB 254 (Speier) also  
create an independent review system.  In addition, SB 21  
(Figueroa) would also establish liability for HMOs. 

  Analysis Prepared by  :  Michael Shapiro / HEALTH / (916)  
319-2097FN: 0001248