BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






          SENATE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT & RETIREMENT     BILL NO: AB 107
          Deborah V. Ortiz, Chair       Hearing date: June 26, 2000
          AB 107 (Knox) as amended 6/20/00            FISCAL:   YES

           PERS AND STRS:  DIVESTMENT OF TOBACCO STOCKS:   
          INDEMNIFICATION OF PERS  AND STRS BOARDS FOR POSSIBLE LOSSES
           
           HISTORY  :            

              Sponsor:  author

              Prior legislation: AB 3445 ( Knox) 1996
                            Died 
                               AB 1679 (Perata) 1998
                            Died
                         AB 1744 (Knox) 1998
                             Died
                         SB 1433 (Hayden)
                             Died


           ASSEMBLY VOTES  :

          
                    NEW BILL WITH SENATE AMENDMENTS
           
          SUMMARY  : 

          Would:
           
            a)   prohibit the Public Employees Retirement System (PERS)  
            and the State Teachers Retirement System (STRS) from making  
            new or additional investments in any tobacco company on or  
            after July 1, 2001,

            b)  require a divestment of those investments by July 1,  
            2002, at which time PERS and STRS would have zero holdings  
            in tobacco companies,

            c)  provide legislative declaration language citing health  
            related illnesses and conflict with California's  
            anti-smoking education programs as reasons for the  
            divestment, and questions related to the future  
            profitability of tobacco investments, and potential high  
          David Felderstein                                     AB 107
          Date:  6/20/00                                         Page 1  









            risk of such investments, and

            d)  indemnify (by the General Fund of the State of  
            California) present and former members of the PERS and STRS  
            Boards against all liability, losses or damages "?sustained  
            by reason of any decision not to invest in tobacco  
            companies pursuant to this chapter."


           BACKGROUND :  

           The committee is advised that Proposition 162, "The  
          California Pension Protection Act of 1992," was adopted by  
          the voters in November of that year.  Prop. 162 amended the  
          California Constitution, Article XVI, Section 17, to require  
          that the PERS and STRS Boards of Administration have the  
          following mandates:
           
            a)  to exercise sole and exclusive "plenary" authority to  
            administer the system in a manner that will ensure prompt  
            delivery of benefits and related services to the  
            participants and their beneficiaries,

            b)  to discharge their duties with respect to the system  
            policy in the interest of, and for the exclusive purpose of  
            providing benefits to participants and their beneficiaries,  
            minimizing employer contributions, and

            c)  to discharge their duties with respect to the system  
            with care, skill, prudence and diligence under the  
            circumstances then prevailing that a prudent person acting  
            in a like capacity would exercise.
           
          However, Proposition 162 also specifically provides:

            "The Legislature may by statute continue to prohibit  
            certain investments by a retirement board where it is in  
            the public interest to do so, and provided that the  
            prohibition satisfies the standard of fiduciary care and  
            loyalty required of a retirement board pursuant to this  
            section."


          ANALYSIS  : 
          David Felderstein                                     AB 107
          Date:  6/20/00                                         Page 2  









          
          1)   Existing state Constitutional law  , pursuant to Prop. 162,  
          provides that all investment standards and procedures for the  
          PERS and STRS Funds are derived from the fiduciary duty 
          to ensure that trust assets are used for the exclusive  
          purposes, as described above.
           
          2)   This bill  makes legislative declarations that:

            a)  the cost to the State for healthcare services for  
            persons with tobacco-related illnesses is $630 million  
            annually,

            b)  California spends $50 million annually on anti-smoking  
            education programs,

            c)  PERS and STRS together hold investments of close to one  
            billion dollars in tobacco companies; holdings which create  
            an interest that conflicts with the aims of California's  
            healthcare and anti-smoking education programs, and

            d)  in 1999, the leading cigarette manufacturer's stock  
            lost 52% in value, and that other public institutional  
            investors have restricted or ceased tobacco industry  
            investments.
           

          3)   This bill requires that:

            a)  on or after January 1, 2001, PERS and STRS would be  
            prohibited from making new or additional investments in any  
            "tobacco company,"  defined as a business entity that makes  
            more than 10% of its gross revenue from the production of  
            cigarettes or tobacco-related products, 

            b)  by July 1, 2002, PERS and STRS shall hold no  
            investments in tobacco companies, and 

            c)  present and former members of the PERS and STRS Boards  
            shall be indemnified (by the General Fund of the State of  
            California) against all liability, losses or damages  
            "?sustained by reason of any decision not to invest in  
            tobacco companies pursuant to this chapter."

          David Felderstein                                     AB 107
          Date:  6/20/00                                         Page 3  









           
          COMMENTS  :

            1)   STRS BOARD VOTES JUNE 7, 2000, TO DIVEST OF TOBACCO  
          STOCKS  

          Following is the Executive Summary of the 6/7/00 Board item  
          related to the passive (as opposed to active) investment of  
          tobacco related stocks.  The STRS Board voted to divest $238  
          million in tobacco stocks held in it's passive investment  
          portfolio at the 6/7/00 meeting.
          
            "The California State Teachers' Retirement System (STRS/  
            System) on May 3, 2000     adopted a Benchmark Modification  
            Policy.    The STRS Investment Committee (Board) instructed  
            its Staff and Pension Consulting Alliance, Inc. (PCA) to  
            provide written analysis specific to the tobacco industry  
            as it pertains to the Benchmark Modification Policy  
            (Policy).

            Due diligence was to determine whether a change in STRS'  
            existing benchmark(s) would be in the economic interest of  
            the System, as determined by specific indicators provided  
            in the Policy. "Economic interest" is defined as when  
            either: 1) a more cost efficient alternative is available,  
            or 2) an industry or sector is exposed to economic risk.

            This report focuses on the latter as it is of particular  
            relevance to the tobacco industry.     Economic risk  
            indicators, as outlined in the Policy, include product  
            liability judgements,     industry-wide bankruptcy filings,  
            regulatory and/or legislative actions, as well as  
            deleterious effects of institutional policy decisions. Our  
            findings indicate that all four of these indicators are  
            evidenced, thereby, meeting the minimum requirement for  
            benchmark modification that at least three of four be  
            present."

          STRS also indicates that the definition of  "tobacco company"  
          in  this bill  is broader than the definition used by the STRS  
          Board in the adoption of the above passive investment policy  
          change.  The STRS policy change only affects manufacturers of  
          tobacco products.

          David Felderstein                                     AB 107
          Date:  6/20/00                                         Page 4  









            2)   PERS MAY VOTE TO DIVEST TOBACCO STOCKS  

          According to a 6/20/00 article in the Sacramento Bee, the  
          PERS Board has instructed it's staff to draw up guidelines on  
          divestiture that would apply to tobacco or any other  
          industry, and report to the Board at it's August, 2000,  
          meeting.  The Board also received testimony that the PERS  
          Fund's $400 million in tobacco holdings had lost 40% in value  
          in the previous two years.

          3)   PERS and STRS BOARD DEFER TAKING A POSITION ON THIS BILL  

          The committee is advised that the PERS and STRS Board, in  
          their respective monthly meetings, have deferred taking a  
          position  this bill  .
           
           3)   SUPPORT  :

               American Heart Association
               California Teachers Association (CTA)
               Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California (PPAC)
               American Lung Association
               United Teachers Los Angeles (UTLA)
               California Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Coalition
               American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
          Employees (AFSCME)

          4)   OPPOSITION  :

               None to date.






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          David Felderstein                                     AB 107
          Date:  6/20/00                                         Page 5