BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                               Dede Alpert, Chair
                           1999-2000 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       AB 1738
          AUTHOR:        Washington
          AMENDED:       May 26, 2000
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  August 9, 2000
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Scott P. Plotkin


           SUMMARY  

          This bill, in addition to other provisions, extends the  
          Carl Washington School Safety and Violence Prevention Act  
          to include grades kindergarten to 7.

           BACKGROUND

          1999 Legislative Activity  

          Two major school safety acts were approved by the  
          Legislature in 1999.  They are summarized below.

          The Carl Washington School Safety and Violence Prevention  
               Act

          In 1999, AB 1113 (Florez; Chapter 51, Statutes of 1999), a  
               trailer bill to the 1999
          Budget Act, established the School Safety Violence  
               Protection Act (SSVPA) for 
           grades 8 to 12  , inclusive.  An appropriation of $100  
               million was provided in the 
          1999 Budget Act to fund the program.

          AB 658 (Washington; Chapter 645, Statutes of 1999),  
               subsequently 
          renamed the SSVPA to the "Carl Washington School Safety and  
               Violence 
          Protection Act" (CWSSVPA), authorized county offices of  
               education to participate 
          in the CWSSVPA, and appropriated $1 million for county  
               offices to participate.

          The funds appropriated for the CWSSVPA are allocated by the  




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               State 
          Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to school  
               districts on the basis of 
          enrollment, and requires a minimum allocation of $5,000 for  
               each schoolsite, or a 
          minimum of $10,000 for each school district, whichever is  
               greater.  The funds are 
          required to be used for one or more of the following:

          1)   Providing schools with personnel, including but not  
               limited to, licensed or certificated school  
               counselors, school social workers, school nurses, and  
               school psychologists, who are trained in conflict  
               resolution.  Requires any law enforcement personnel  
               hired pursuant to this act to be a trained and sworn  
               peace officer.

          2)   Providing effective and accessible on-campus  
               communication devices and other school infrastructure  
               needs.

          3)   Establishing an in-service training program for school  
               staff to learn to identify at-risk students, to  
               communicate effectively with those students, and to  
               refer those students to appropriate counseling.

          4)   Establishing cooperative arrangements with local law  
               enforcement agencies for appropriate school-community  
               relationships.

          5)   For any other purpose that the school or school  
               district determines would contribute to providing safe  
               schools and preventing violence among students.
           
           SB 334 (Alpert) - The School Safety and Violence Protection  
          Act
          
          Also, in 1999 the Legislature enacted and the Governor  
          approved SB 334 (Alpert; Chapter 996, Statutes of 1999),  
          the "No More Victims' Violence Prevention and School Safety  
          2000 Strategy."  Contained within SB 334 were numerous  
          provisions relative to school safety and juvenile justice.   
          The school safety provisions, known as the "School Safety  
          Violence Protection Act," contained the following elements:

           1)   School safety plans.




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               a)        Requires all schools, including new schools,  
                    to have school safety plans.

               b)        Requires existing plans to be reviewed every  
                    year.

               c)        Requires that the status of such plans, and  
                    their key elements, be included in the annual  
                    school accountability report card distributed to  
                    parents.

               d)        Deletes the sunset clauses on various  
                    provisions of the school safety plan law.

           2)   Requires coordination and cooperation by the  
               Superintendent of Public Instruction and the Attorney  
               General of existing school safety and violence  
               protection programs.
           
               a)        Interagency School Safety Demonstration Act  
                    of 1985.

               b)        School Safety Plans Act.

               c)        School Community Policing Act.

           3)   Expands the school safety and violence protection  
               elements of support for which schools and school  
               districts may apply.
           
               a)        Provision of counselors and other support  
                    services.

               b)        Effective and accessible communication  
                    devices.

               c)        In-service programs for all school staff.

               d)        Cooperative relationships with local law  
                    enforcement.

               e)        Any other proposal that schools and school  
                    districts design to meet the goals and objectives  
                    of current law in providing safe schools and  
                    violence prevention among children and youth.




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           4)   Requires an evaluation of programs established and  
               funded pursuant to the Act, with annual reports to the  
               Legislature.
           
           5)   Requires the Superintendent to establish appropriate  
               rules and regulations to implement the Act.
           
           6)   Appropriated $5 million to fund competitive grants  
               appropriated under the Act for grades kindergarten  
               through 7, inclusive.  

           Although Governor Davis signed SB 334, he line item-vetoed  
               the             $5 million appropriation, so that the  
               Act was not implemented, thus providing no 1999-2000  
               fiscal year funding for school safety programs for  
               kindergarten and grades 1 to 7, inclusive.

           Further Legislative Action in 2000.  

          The Governor's Budget for 2000-01 proposed an additional  
          $72 million in funds for the Carl Washington Act, to be  
          allocated to grades 8 to 12.  The final 2000 Budget Act  
          approved by the Legislature augmented the $72 million with  
          an additional $61 million, to be distributed to all grades.  
           In addition, the education trailer bill, SB 1667 (Alpert),  
          amended the Carl Washington Act to extend the provisions of  
          the program to include all grades, not just grades 8 to 12.

          However, the Governor line-item vetoed the $61 million  
          augmentation, and signed SB 1667.  The $72 million  
          appropriation contains a provision that limits its  
          allocation to grades 8 to 12, even though SB 1667 expanded  
          the program to all grades.

           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  extends the Carl Washington School Safety and  
          Violence Prevention Act (CWSSVPA) to include grades  
          kindergarten to 7.  In addition, this bill:

          1)   Authorizes school districts receiving funds pursuant  
               to CWSSVPA to use the funds to establish  
               youth-to-youth peer programs at schoolsites,  
               including, but not limited to, peer mediation, peer  
               helpers, conflict managers, peer education, and peer  




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               tutoring. 

          2)   Authorizes any school district that chooses not to  
               participate individually in CWSSVPA, or if funding  
               available through CWSSVPA would be insufficient, to  
               form a consortium with other school districts to  
               participate in CWSSVPA.  Provides that such  
               consortiums are subject to the provisions of CWSSVPA  
               to the same extent as an individual school district. 

          3)   Requires that the portion of funds that a school  
               district would have received, if the school district  
               chooses not to participate either individually or as  
               part of a consortium, be distributed on a pro rata  
               basis to participating school districts.

          4)   Adds intent language that schools receiving funds  
               pursuant to the CWSSVPA reduce the ratio of students  
               to credentialed student services personnel, including,  
               but not limited to, school counselors, school  
               psychologists, school social workers, and school  
               nurses. 

          5)   Adds intent language that schools receiving funds  
               pursuant to CWSSVPA promote and increase student  
               participation in peer programs. 

          6)   Provides that these provisions are subject to funds  
               being appropriated therefor. 

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Why were two major laws enacted in 1999  ?  During the  
               course of the 1999 Session, the consideration of  
               school safety issues were pursued on two parallel  
               tracks; SB 334 (Alpert) and several other related  
               bills were being considered in the regular legislative  
               process, being heard and modified in policy and  
               appropriations committees, with final approval on the  
               floor of each House.  At the same time, school safety  
               legislation was being considered with an appropriation  
               in the 1999 Budget Act and the approval of AB 1113  
               (Florez) by the Budget Conference Committee.

           2)   What is the difference between SB 334 and AB 1113  ?   
               The parallel process described above resulted in two  




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               bills being enacted by the Legislature and the  
               Governor on the same topic, but with different  
               results.  Although both bills emphasized local  
               flexibility in deciding how to spend the money, the  
               key differences are:

                a)        Funding and grade level applicability  .  AB  
                    1113 (Florez), along with its $100 million  
                    appropriation in the 1999 Budget Act, provided  
                    for eligibility for grades 8 to 12, inclusive.   
                    Both provisions were approved by the Governor.

               SB 334 originally provided for $50 million for all  
                    grades.  However, after the enactment of AB 1113  
                    and the Budget Act, SB 334 was amended to cover  
                    grades kindergarten through 7, and the  
                    appropriation was reduced to $5 million.   
                    However, in signing       SB 334, the Governor  
                    line-item vetoed the entire $5 million, citing  
                    the $100 million appropriation in the Budget Act  
                    for school safety (even though none of that was  
                    available for grades K-7).

                b)        Allocation of funds  .  AB 1113 and the 1999  
                    Budget Act distributed the $100 million on an  
                    enrollment basis, with a minimum allocation of  
                    $5,000 for each schoolsite, or a minimum of  
                    $10,000 for each school district, whichever is  
                    greater.  This resulted in approximately $40 per  
                    student being allocated to eligible schools.

               SB 334 envisioned a competitive grant program, to  
                    insure that the funds were directed to the  
                    schools and school districts most in need.

               As noted in the Background section of this Analysis,  
                    the 2000 Budget Act contains an additional $72  
                    million for grades 8 to 12, after an augmentation  
                    of $61 million for  all  grades was line-item  
                    vetoed.

                c)        Partnerships  .  While AB 1113 was a  
                    straight-forward funding program, SB 334 was  
                    intended to promote partnerships at the state and  
                    local level, utilizing the resources and  
                    investment in existing programs - some of which  




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                    are jointly administered by the State  
                    Superintendent of Public Instruction and the  
                    Attorney General.

                d)        Accountability and evaluation  .  AB 1113 had  
                    no provision for reports to be generated on how  
                    the money was spent, or to involve local  
                    constituencies in any consultative process on  
                    using the money.  In fact, some complaints have  
                    been received about interested parties either not  
                    being involved in the allocation process at the  
                    local level, or unhappy with the final decision.

               SB 334 envisioned utilizing existing school safety  
                    plans (which are developed and annually reviewed  
                    in a broad, consultative process) as the basis  
                    for the use of the available funds - and provides  
                    for an annual evaluation of the funding program.

           3)   Other legislation and the 2000 Budget Act  .  On March  
               29, 2000 the Committee considered and passed SB 1580  
               (Alpert), which modifies the School Safety Violence  
               Protection Act, and appropriates $100 million to  
               implement its provisions.  SB 1580 is now pending in  
               the Assembly, and the author had not intended to  
               pursue the bill since the 2000 Budget Act and  
               accompanying trailer bill (SB 1667 - Alpert) only  
               appropriated additional funds for allocation pursuant  
               to the Carl Washington Act.

           4)   Now what  ?  With the arrival of AB 1738 before the  
               Committee, several policy and funding dilemmas present  
               themselves.

               a)        Since SB 1667 (Alpert), the education  
                    trailer bill, has already been approved (Chapter  
                    71, Statutes of 2000) to expand the Carl  
                    Washington program to all grades, should those  
                    provisions be deleted from this bill?

               b)        Since this Committee has previously approved  
                    SB 1580 (Alpert), should the "accountability"  
                    provisions of the bill (if not the funding model)  
                    be incorporated into this bill?

               c)        Should this or another bill be amended to  




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                    augment the 2000 Budget Act to provide funding to  
                     all  grades, as was intended by the Legislature in  
                    enacting the Budget Act  and  SB 1667, the  
                    education trailer bill, notwithstanding the  
                    Governor's line-item veto of the budgetary  
                    augmentation?

           SUPPORT  

          Alum Rock Union Elementary School District
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
          Employees, AFL-CIO
          California Association for Counseling and Development
          California School Nurses Organization
          California State PTA
          Numerous individual letters

           OPPOSITION  

          None received