BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       


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                                 THIRD READING
                                        

          Bill No:  SB 89
          Author:   Escutia (D)
          Amended:  1/26/00
          Vote:     21

            
           SENATE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 4/5/99
          AYES:  Sher, Alpert, Chesbro, Hayden, McPherson, O'Connell,  
            Solis
          NOT VOTING:  Alarcon, Rainey, Wright

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  8-4, 1/26/00
          AYES:  Johnston, Alpert, Bowen, Burton, Escutia, Karnette,  
            McPherson, Vasconcellos
          NOES:  Johnson, Kelley, Leslie, Mountjoy
           

           SUBJECT  :    Environmental justice

           SOURCE  :     Author

           
           DIGEST  :    This bill requires the Secretary for  
          Environmental Protection, by January 15, 2001, to convene a  
          Working Group on Environmental Justice.  The bill makes the  
          existing definition of "environmental justice" applicable  
          to its provisions and requires the working group to take  
          various actions relating to the development and  
          implementation of environmental justice strategies related  
          to the mission of the California Environmental Protection  
          Agency.  The secretary is required to convene a technical  
          advisory committee to assist the working group by providing  
          recommendations and information to, and serving as a  
          resource for, the working group.  The secretary is  
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          required, by January 1, 2006, and every three years after,  
          to prepare and submit a report.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law establishes the Office of  
          Planning and Research (OPR) as the coordinating agency in  
          state government for environmental justice programs.   
          Existing law defines "environmental justice" to mean the  
          fair treatment of people of all races, cultures, and  
          incomes with respect to the development, adoption,  
          implementation and enforcement of environmental laws and  
          policies.

          This bill:

          1.Requires the Secretary for Environmental Protection, by  
            January 15, 2001 to convene a Working Group on  
            Environmental Justice to assist the California  
            Environmental Protection Agency in developing an  
            agencywide strategy for identifying and addressing any  
            gaps in existing programs, policies, or activities that  
            may impede the achievement of environmental justice.

          2.Specifies that the working group shall be composed of  
            various representatives of groups or entities concerned  
            with achieving environmental justice, as determined by  
            the Secretary for Environmental Protection, including  
            representatives of local governments.

          3.Requires the working group, by January 1, 2002, to  
            undertake certain duties, including:

             A.   Examine existing data and studies on environmental  
               justice.

             B.   Recommend criteria to the California Environmental  
               Protection Agency for identifying and addressing any  
               gaps in existing programs, policies, or activities  
               that may impede the achievement of environmental  
               justice.

             C.    Recommend procedures and provide guidance to the  
               California Environmental Protection Agency for the  
               coordination and implementation of intraagency  
               environmental justice strategies.







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             D.   Recommend procedures for collecting, maintaining,  
               analyzing, and coordinating information relating to an  
               environmental justice strategy.

             E.   Recommend procedures to ensure that public  
               documents, notices, and public hearings relating to  
               human health or the environment are concise,  
               understandable, and readily accessible to the public,  
               including guidance for determining when it is  
               appropriate for the California Environmental  
               Protection Agency to translate such material.

             F.   Hold public meetings to receive comments regarding  
               the recommendations.

             G.   Make recommendations on other matters needed to  
               assist the agency in developing an intraagency  
               environmental justice strategy.

          4.Requires the Secretary for Environmental Protection, by  
            January 15, 2001, to convene a technical advisory group  
            to assist the working group.

          5.Specifies that the technical advisory group shall be  
            composed of representatives from local and regional land  
            use planning agencies, air pollution control districts,  
            certified unified program agencies (CUPAs), the public  
            and the business community.

          6.Requires the Secretary for the California Environmental  
            Protection Agency, by January 1, 2006, and every three  
            years, thereafter, to prepare and submit a report to the  
            Legislature on the implementation of these provisions.

           Comments

          Purpose of Bill  .  Environmental justice refers to the fair  
          treatment of people of all races, cultures, and income with  
          respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement  
          of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.  On  
          February 11, 1994, President Clinton signed Executive Order  
          12898 regarding "federal actions to address environmental  
          justice in minority populations and low-income  







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          populations."  The executive order directs federal agencies  
          to address human health and environmental issues in  
          low-income communities and minority communities, and  
          followed a 1992 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)  
          report indicating that "communities of color and low-income  
          populations experience higher than average exposures to  
          selected air pollutants, hazardous waste facilities, and  
          other forms of environmental pollution."

          This bill requires a working group to undertake certain  
          responsibilities relating to environmental justice.   
          According to the author, "California has yet to address the  
          need to remedy the unfair treatment suffered by minority  
          and low-income communities with respect to exposure to  
          environmental hazards and enforcement of environmental  
          laws.  SB 89 is the first step to solidifying California's  
          commitments to establishing and maintaining environmental  
          justice."

           Examples of environmental justice matters  .  There are a  
          number of factors to be considered in identifying an  
          environmental justice problem.  Factors that could be  
          considered include, for example, a concentration of  
          environmental hazards in an affected area because of the  
          lack of public participation, a lack of adequate protection  
          under health and environmental laws, or unusual  
          vulnerability of a community to hazards.  Examples of  
          environmental justice problems could include inadequate  
          stormwater protection in a predominately minority populated  
          section of a city compared to systems in other parts of the  
          city, siting a landfill in a community with an  
          overconcentration of other hazards such as Superfund sites,  
          placement of a highway through a low-income and minority  
          community, and unsafe stormwater discharges harming fish  
          that are part of the subsistence diet of Native Americans.

           Related Legislation

           SB 115 (Solis), Chapter 690, Statutes of 1999, establishes  
          the OPR as the lead agency in state government for  
          environmental justice programs.

           Prior Legislation








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           Previous attempts to address environmental justice issues  
          in California include AB 937 (Roybal-Allard) of 1991  
          (vetoed), AB 3024 (Roybal-Allard) of 1992 (vetoed), and AB  
          2212 (Lee) of 1994 (refused passage on Senate Floor).   
          These bills required the submittal of "project site  
          demographics" (  e.g.  population breakdown by race and  
          ethnicity; percent of persons under age 5, over age 65, and  
          below the poverty level) for a "potentially high-impact  
          development project" (  e.g.  , hazardous waste, solid waste),  
          and prohibited an application for such a facility from  
          being accepted as complete, deemed complete, or approved  
          without this information.

          Four bills addressed environmental justice issues during  
          the 1997-98 session.  SB 451 (Watson) required the general  
          plan land use element to include policies for the equitable  
          distribution of solid, hazardous, and liquid waste  
          facilities that avoid disproportionate effects on  
          low-income communities and minority communities, and  
          feasible implementation measures to achieve these policies.  
           SB 906 (Lee) required a hazardous waste management plan to  
          include demographic information within a 10-mile radius of  
          each hazardous waste facility and to include procedures for  
          considering environmental equity issues.  SB 1113 (Solis)  
          was similar to this year's SB 115.  AB 2237 (Escutia)  
          required "environmental agencies" to consider new selection  
          criteria (  e.g.  , adverse human health or environmental  
          effects faced by an applicant's community, as compared to  
          other applicants' communities; amount of funding  
          commensurate with those effects) for some agency grant and  
          loan programs.  SB 451, SB 1113, and AB 2237 were vetoed.   
          Senator Watson canceled an Environmental Quality Committee  
          hearing on SB 906.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                          Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions            1999-2000            2000-01          
             2001-02            Fund








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           Working Group on       Unknown, probably $225 to $300,       
                     General/
          Environmental              potentially more, one time, to  
          develop           Various
          Justice                           strategy

          The extent to which the working group will develop new  
          information or use existing information is unknown.  Based  
          on the workload involved in other similar studies, it is  
          estimated that three to four personnel years (PY) to  
          compile the recommendations and ensure that the strategy  
          has the utility to guide CalEPA in addressing environmental  
          justice issues.  However, given that the first report is  
          not due for five years, some of these costs will be  
          absorbable during that period.  It is estimated that one PY  
          will be needed on a nearly full-time basis to provide  
          support and to prepare the report.  Each CalEPA department,  
          board, or office will incur some of these costs to varying  
          degrees.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  1/26/00)

          California League of Conservation Voters

          NOTE:  The following groups were in support of the April  
          14, 1999, amended version.  
           

          American Lung Association
          California Air Pollution Control Officer's Association
          California Association of Real Estate Brokers
          California Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Coalition (if  
          amended)
          California Council for Environmental and Economic Balance  
          (if amended)
          California Nurses Association
          City of Commerce
          City of Los Angeles (if amended)
          Clean Water Action
          Communities for a Better Environment
          East Bay Municipal Utility District
          Monterey Bay Unified Air Pollution District (if amended)
          National Organization for Women, California
          Residents for a Better Alhambra







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          Sierra Club
          South Coast Air Quality Management District

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  1/26/00)

          California Chamber of Commerce

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the League of  
          Conservation Voters:  
          "The bill creates the tools necessary for CalEPA to meet  
          its environmental justice mission, by requiring the agency  
          to create a Working Group on Environmental Justice.  The  
          Working Group will help CalEPA determine how it can best  
          resolve program and policy gaps that must be filled in  
          order to achieve environmental justice."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    Unavailable at time of this  
          writing.  
           

          CP:cm  1/26/00   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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