BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 1342
                                                                  Page  1

          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 1342 (Burton)
          As Amended August 14, 2000
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :40-0  
           
           PUBLIC SAFETY       6-0         APPROPRIATIONS      14-6        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Washington, Cedillo,      |Ayes:|Migden, Alquist, Aroner,  |
          |     |Firebaugh, Keeley, Oller, |     |Cedillo, Corbett, Davis,  |
          |     |Romero                    |     |Kuehl, Papan, Romero,     |
          |     |                          |     |Shelley, Thomson, Wesson, |
          |     |                          |     |Wiggins, Wright           |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |     |                          |Nays:|Campbell, Ackerman,       |
          |     |                          |     |Ashburn, Brewer,          |
          |     |                          |     |Maldonado, Zettel         |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the court to grant a motion for the  
          performance of DNA testing under specified conditions for any  
          person convicted of a felony currently serving a term of  
          imprisonment, and requires the appropriate governmental entity  
          to preserve any biological material secured in a criminal case  
          as specified.  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Provides that a person convicted of a felony and currently  
            serving a term of imprisonment may make a written motion  
            verified under penalty of perjury before the trial court which  
            entered the conviction for performance of DNA testing. 

          2)Requires that the motion for DNA testing explain why identity  
            was or should have been an issue in the case, how the  
            requested testing would raise a reasonable probability that  
            that there would have been a more favorable verdict if the  
            results of DNA testing were available at the trial, and  
            identify the material to be tested and the specific type of  
            DNA testing sought.

          3)Requires that a notice of the hearing be served on the  
            Attorney General (AG), the district attorney (DA)in the county  
            of conviction and, if known, the governmental agency or  








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            laboratory holding the evidence, and requires that responses  
            be filed within 60 days of service.

          4)Allows the court discretion to grant a hearing on the motion,  
            and requires that the motion be heard by the judge that  
            conducted the trial, unless the presiding judge determines  
            that judge is unavailable.

          5)Requires the court to appoint counsel for an indigent,  
            convicted person.

          6)States the court shall grant the hearing on the motion for DNA  
            testing if all of the following has been established:

             a)   The evidence to be tested is available and in a  
               condition that would permit DNA testing requested in the  
               motion;

             b)   The evidence to be tested has been subject to a chain of  
               custody sufficient to establish it has not been  
               substituted, tampered with, replaced, or altered in any  
               material aspect;

             c)   The identity of the defendant was or should have been a  
               significant issue in the case;

             d)   The convicted person has made a prima facie showing that  
               the evidence sought to be tested is s material to the issue  
               of the convicted person's identity as the perpetrator or  
               accomplice to the crime or enhancement which resulted in  
               the conviction or sentence;

             e)   The requested DNA testing results would raise a  
               reasonable probability that, in light of all the evidence,  
               the defendant's verdict or sentence or would have been more  
               favorable if the results of DNA testing had been available  
               at the time of conviction.  The court in it's discretion  
               may consider any evidence whether or not it was introduced  
               at the trial;

             f)   The evidence sought to be tested either:

               i)     Was not tested previously, or,

               ii)    Was tested previously, but the requested DNA test  








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                 would provide results that are reasonably more  
                 discriminating and probative of the identity of the  
                 perpetrator or accomplice or have a reasonable  
                 probability of contradicting prior test results.

             g)   The testing requested employs a method generally  
               accepted within the scientific community; and,

             h)   The motion is not made solely for the purpose of delay.

          7)Requires that the testing be conducted by a laboratory  
            mutually agreeable to the DA or AG, as specified, and the  
            person filing the motion, and if the parties cannot agree, the  
            court's order shall designate a laboratory.

          8)Requires that the results of any testing ordered be fully  
            disclosed to each of the parties.  If requested by either  
            party, the court shall order production of the underlying data  
            and notes.

          9)Provides that the cost of DNA testing shall be borne by the  
            State or by the applicant if the court finds that the  
            applicant is not indigent and has the ability to pay, and it  
            is the intent of the Legislature to appropriate funds for this  
            purpose.

          10)Provides that any order granting or denying a motion for DNA  
            testing shall not be appealable, and shall be reviewable only  
            through petition for writ of mandate or prohibition as  
            specified.

          11)Requires the appropriate governmental entity to preserve any  
            biological material secured in connection with a criminal case  
            for the period of time that any person remains incarcerated in  
            connection with the case, and the governmental entity shall  
            have the discretion to determine how that evidence is  
            retained, as long as it is retained in a condition suitable  
            for DNA testing.

          12)Allows a governmental entity may destroy biological materials  
            before the expiration date of the following conditions are  
            met:

             a)   The governmental entity notifies the person who remains  
               incarcerated in connection with the case, any counsel of  








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               record, the public defender and the district attorney in  
               the county of conviction and the AG of it's intention to  
               dispose of the material; and,

             b)   The entity does not receive within 90 days of the notice  
               any of the following:

               i)     A motion requesting that DNA testing be performed,  
                 which allows that the material sought to be tested only  
                 be retained until such time as the court issues a final  
                 order;

               ii)    A request under penalty of perjury that the material  
                 not be destroyed because a motion for DNA testing will be  
                 filed within 180 days, and a motion is in fact filed  
                 within that time period; or,

               iii)   A declaration of innocence under penalty of perjury  
                 filed with the court within 180 days of the judgment of  
                 conviction or before July 1, 2001, whichever is later,  
                 however the court shall permit the destruction of the  
                 evidence upon a showing that the declaration is false or  
                 that there is no issue of identity which would be  
                 affected by future testing.

          13)States that this section shall become inoperative on January  
            1, 2003 and is repealed as of that date unless a later enacted  
            statute extends or deletes this provision.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee analysis:

          1)Unknown annual General Fund (GF) costs to the Department of  
            Justice (DOJ) for DNA testing.  If, for example 50 persons  
            filed successful testing motions, the actual cost of testing  
            would be about $200,000, based on average cost of $4,000 per  
            case.

          According to Peter Neufeld and Barry Scheck of the Innocence  
            Project in Michigan, which has sought post-conviction DNA  
            testing in numerous cases, contributing to 39 exonerations,  
            the actual cost of DNA analysis cost is $3,000 to $4,000 per  
            case when contracted out to a private lab.  Neufeld contends  
            that, absent labor costs, the actual cost is closer to $500.









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          2)In addition to the cost of testing, DOJ could require  
            additional staff and equipment, potentially in the range of $2  
            million annually, based on similar staff and equipment cost  
            estimates provided by DOJ for SB 1818 (Speier), which  
            establishes a DNA data bank for missing persons.

          3)Unknown, potentially significant reimbursable local costs for  
            evidence storage.  Sheriff's offices and police departments  
            differ in how long they store evidence, but most do not store  
            evidence after appeals have been exhausted.  By mandating  
            storage, this bill creates annual costs that could be in the  
            range of $1 million.  For example, if Los Angeles City and  
            County each have to purchase refrigeration units for  
            biological evidence and rent additional storage facilities,  
            the annual cost could exceed $200,000.  Extrapolating  
            statewide, the cost could reach $1 million since individual  
            departments maintain their own facilities.

          4)Also unknown costs to DOJ - likely in the range of $100,000 -  
            for evidence storage to the extent DOJ stores evidence for  
            smaller entities.

          5)Minor costs to trial courts to hear motions.

          6)Unknown costs to DOJ and trial courts for additional habeas  
            writs to the extent persons receiving inconclusive tests  
            pursue new trials.

          7)Unknown savings to the extent persons are exonerated and freed  
            from prison.  For example, if two defendants were released  
            from prison, who would otherwise serve an additional 10 years  
            each, the cumulative GF savings would be almost $500,000,  
            offset by any restitution paid by the state for wrongful  
            incarceration.

          COMMENTS  :  According to the author, "This bill would allow a  
          convicted defendant to make a motion before the trial court for  
          DNA testing that was not available at trial because the evidence  
          or the testing technology was not available to the defendant.   
          California has no statute or case law that authorizes such  
          testing.  This bill balances the need for discovering the truth  
          with procedural fairness and practicality.  It does not allow  
          DNA testing in every case - only where the identity of the  
          accused was a significant issue at trial, and the court finds,  
          among other things, that the result of the testing will produce  








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          new evidence that is material and relevant to the defendant's  
          assertion of innocence.  The bill also provides safeguards to  
          ensure that the evidence is available and reliable.

          "Innocent people should not serve time or be executed for crimes  
          they did not commit.  As long as an innocent person is  
          incarcerated for a crime he or she did not commit, the guilty  
          party remains at-large, a danger to society and unpunished."

          Please see the policy committee analysis for a more  
          comprehensive discussion of this bill.


          Analysis Prepared by  :  Gregory Pagan / PUB. S. / (916) 319-3744 



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