BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                       SENATE COMMITTEE ON Public Safety
                             Senator John Vasconcellos, Chair   S
                                1999-2000 Regular Session       B

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          SB 1831 (Hughes)                                      1
          As Amended March 30, 2000
          Hearing date:  April 4, 2000
          Penal Code
          SH:br


                       SCHOOL SAFETY ACADEMY PILOT PROJECT  


                                    HISTORY


          Source:   Attorney General

          Prior Legislation: None

          Support:  California School Employees Association;  
                    California Federation of Teachers; California  
                    Child, Youth and Family Coalition

          Opposition:Unknown



                                        KEY ISSUES
           
          SHOULD A NEW SCHOOL SAFETY ACADEMY PILOT PROGRAM BE CREATED, TO BE  
          ADMINISTERED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, FOR THREE ACADEMIES TO  
          PROVIDE GROUP TRAINING RELATING TO SCHOOL SAFETY FOR 3 YEARS, AS  
          SPECIFIED?

          SHOULD $4,836,000 BE APPROPRIATED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FOR  




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          ALLOCATION TO THE SCHOOL SAFETY ACADEMIES AND TO PAY FOR  
          ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS?



                                    PURPOSE
          
          The purpose of this bill is to create a new School Safety  
          Academy Pilot Program, to be administered by the Department  
          of Justice, for three academies to provide group training  
          relating to school safety for 3 years, as specified, and to  
          appropriate $4,836,000 to fund the pilot programs.

          The California Constitution provides that all students and  
          staff of public primary, elementary, junior high and senior  
          high schools have the inalienable right to attend campuses  
          which are safe, secure and peaceful.  (Article I, Section  
          28(c))  The Legislature recognizes that right in statute.   
          (Penal Code section 628.5 and Education Code
          section 32261)

           Existing law  creates the School Community Policing  
          Partnership Act of 1998 to provide financial assistance to  
          school districts and county offices of education to ensure  
          safe, secure, and peaceful school campuses as guaranteed by  
          the California Constitution through the use of a community  
          policing approach to school crime and safety issues.  The  
          School Community Policing Partnership Grant Program is  
          administered by the State Department of Education through  
          the School/Law Enforcement Partnership to (1) develop  
          application criteria and procedures for local education  
          agencies; (2) award grants to school districts, county  
          offices of education, or a consortium of school districts  
          and county offices of education; (3) evaluate the  
          effectiveness of the funded projects; and (4) report  
          biennially to the Legislature and Governor on the results  
          of the program.  (Education Code sections 32296 et seq.)

           Existing law  creates the School Safety and Violence  
          Prevention Act for the purpose of promoting school safety  




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          and emphasizing violence prevention among children and  
          youth in public schools, grades 8-12.  (Education Code  
          section 32228 et seq.)

           Existing law  provides for reporting on school crime and  
          requires all school districts to submit school crime date  
          to the State Department of Education and requires the DOE  
          to make that data available, including a report to the  
          Legislature of a summary of the statewide aggregated data  
          not later than March 1 of each year for the previous school  
          year, as specified.  (Penal Code sections 628 et. seq.)

           Existing law  creates the School Violence Prevention and  
          Response Act of 1999 and the School Violence Prevention and  
          Response Task Force with responsibilities which include  
          making recommendations on how to enhance state and local  
          programs and training to adequately prepare school  
          districts and county offices of education to meet the  
          challenges stemming from disruptive and violent acts, or  
          both, on or near school campuses; these recommendations  
          shall include a discussion regarding the manner in which  
          the recommendations may be implemented within existing  
          resources.  (Education Code section 32239.5 et seq.)

           Existing law provides that the governing board of any  
          school district may establish a security department under  
          the supervision of a chief of security or a police  
          department under the supervision of a chief of police, as  
          designated by, and under the direction of, the  
          superintendent of the school district.  School district  
          police are granted peace officer status, as prescribed.   
          (Education Code sections 38000 et seq. and Penal Code
          section 830.32)

           Existing law  creates in the State Department of Education  
          School Safety and Security Resource Unit; the Interagency  
          School Safety Demonstration Act of 1985; and the School/Law  
          Enforcement Partnership comprised of the Superintendent of  
          Public Instruction and the Attorney General and sets forth  
          various requirements for that partnership, including the  




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          establishment of statewide interagency school safety cadre.  
           (Education Code sections 32251, 32260, 32262, 32290)

           Existing law  states the intent of the Legislature that all  
          California public schools, in kindergarten, and grades 1 to  
          12, inclusive, operated by school districts, in cooperation  
          with local law enforcement agencies, community leaders,  
          parents, pupils, teachers, administrators, and other  
          persons who may be interested in the prevention of campus  
          crime and violence, develop a comprehensive school safety  
          plan that addresses the safety concerns identified through  
          a systematic planning process.  Law enforcement agencies  
          include local police departments, county sheriffs' offices,  
          school district police or security departments, probation  
          departments, and district attorneys' offices.  A "safety  
          plan" means a plan to develop strategies aimed at the  
          prevention of, and education about, potential incidents  
          involving crime and violence on the school campus.   
          (Education Code section 35294)

           Existing law  contains Legislative findings and declarations  
          that include that the education mission of schools may be  
          thwarted when school campuses are not safe, secure, and  
          peaceful and effective school management can improve school  
          safety and decrease violence and criminal behavior.   
          Therefore, it is the intent of the Legislature that the  
          Commission on Teacher Credentialing adopt standards that  
          address the principles of school safety in the preparation  
          of future classroom teachers, school administrators, school  
          counselors, and other pupil personnel service providers as  
          a condition for licensing these prospective practitioners.   
          (Education Code section 44276.1)

           Existing law  requires a school site plan which shall  
          contain numerous requirements, including improved school  
          environment as measured by indicators such as (A) the  
          incidence among pupils of absenteeism, suspension,  
          expulsion, and dropouts and the incidence and costs of  
          school violence, vandalism, and theft of school or private  
          property while participating in school activities.   




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          (Education Code section 52015)

           Existing law  establishes the Commission on Peace Officers  
          Standards and Training with staffing support from the  
          Attorney General.  Duties of POST include establishing  
          minimum standards and training requirements relating to  
          specified peace officers and developing and implementing  
          programs to increase the effectiveness of law enforcement  
          and when such programs involve training and education  
          courses to cooperate with and secure the cooperation of  
          state-level officers, agencies, and bodies having  
          jurisdiction over systems of public higher education in  
          continuing the development of college-level training and  
          education programs.  (Penal Code section 13500 et seq.)

           This bill  does the following:

          1.Requires that the Department of Justice, in cooperation  
            with the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and  
            Training, establish a three year School Safety Academy  
            Pilot Project utilizing the school safety academies.  The  
            School Safety Academy Pilot Project is to be administered  
            by the Department of Justice for the purpose of providing  
            comprehensive school safety training for those  
            responsible for school safety and school community  
            violence prevention, as specified.

          2.Defines "school safety academies" to mean the current  
            regional community policing institutes in Sacramento, Los  
            Angeles, and San Diego Counties.

          3.States that each academy is to provide training to  
            juvenile specialists, school district police officers,  
            school resource officers, school security officers,  
            school administrators, campus supervisors and monitors,  
            parent volunteers, and others responsible for school  
            safety and school community violence prevention.

          4.The Department of Justice is to provide funding to the  
            school safety academies to develop and implement  




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            integrated, comprehensive school safety training for  
            those responsible for school safety and school community  
            violence prevention, with the training to include, but  
            not be limited to, the following:

             (A)     Role of school police officers.
             (B)         Role of school administrators.
             (C)         Role of campus security and safety  
               personnel.
             (D)         School and community relations.
             (E)         School crime reporting.
             (F)         Conflict resolution and youth mediation.
             (G)         Crisis intervention and response.
             (H)         Juvenile justice system.
             (I)         Diversity training.
             (J)         Role of probation and parole officers.
             (AA)        Effective school safety strategies and  
               planning.
             (BB)        Role of law enforcement on school campuses.
             (CC)        Role of child protective services workers.
             (DD)        Hate crimes.

          1.Requires each school safety academy develop a specialty  
            that will advance school community policing practices.

          2.Requires the Department of Justice to evaluate the  
            effectiveness of the pilot project by contracting with an  
            independent evaluator to develop and deliver a final  
            evaluation report to the Legislature and the Governor on  
            or before January 31, 2005; the pilot project authority  
            is repealed on January 1, 2006.

          3.Appropriates $4.836 million for the three-year pilot  
            program, with $1.5 million appropriated for each regional  
            center and the Department of Justice authorized to use up  
            to 7% of that total for administration.

          4.Makes related changes.

                                    COMMENTS




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          1.   Need for This Bill
           
          According to the sponsor:

               There is no single training center or institution in  
               California for those individuals responsible for  
               school safety to train together.  Current school  
               safety training programs are discipline-based and,  
               therefore, fragmented statewide.  While there are many  
               individual school safety training programs being  
               offered by various training systems, no one entity has  
               brought all of the appropriate school safety personnel  
               together to train them at the same time.  Many areas  
               related to school community policing and violence  
               prevention, including collaboration with other  
               agencies and conflict resolution/youth mediation are  
               not covered in current training.  Furthermore, school  
               safety personnel without peace officer status,  
               teachers or parents volunteering on school campuses  
               cannot take POST courses.

               The academies will provide comprehensive training to  
               all individuals who work in or around a school campus.  
                Additionally, the academies would provide  
               cross-training between disciplines which increases the  
               opportunities for interagency school partnerships and  
               enhances school safety.

          2.   How Would This Bill Work  ?

          Discussions with the sponsor indicate an expectation that  
          the regional academies will present 4 or more classes per  
          year, with approximately 30 attendees per class.  The  
          expectation would be to develop a formal accreditation  
          which would result in attendees being given a certificate  
          which might meet any continuing education credits which may  
          apply to any of the attendees.  Attendance would be  
          subsidized by the academies.





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          There are some portions of this bill that may not be  
          entirely clear:

          Is it entirely up to the regional academies to develop a  
          curriculum, including each to provide training for rural  
          school areas;  would that lead to unnecessary duplication of  
          effort ?  
           
           What role should the Commission on Peace Officer Standards  
          and Training actually perform in designing training,  
          especially persons other than law enforcement  ?

          This bill assigns no role to the Department of Education or  
          the Superintendent of Public Instruction (see Comment 4  
          below regarding SB 1580 which would appropriate $100  
          million to the Superintendent for school safety grants with  
          participation by the Attorney General);  would consultation  
          with those offices and others take place regardless of any  
          language in the bill  ?

          This bill creates a three-year pilot project; appropriates  
          money to the local academies for the three years; the bill  
          would take effect on January 1, 2001, and would sunset on  
          January 1, 2006, but does not indicate when, during the  
          five years the bill would remain in effect, the three years  
          commences and ends for the pilot projects (and the money  
          appropriated for that period, which is limited to the three  
          years but is not otherwise appropriated "without regard to  
          fiscal year until it is expended"); presumably some time  
          would need to transpire before the program could be  
          implemented, although it may be assumed that would occur  
          some time in 2001 and that publicizing the program and  
          selecting the attendees may take some additional time;  are  
          the timelines for the program - and funding - clear in this  
          bill  ?

          This bill appropriates $4,836,000 for the program with $1.5  
          million for each of the local academies and another  
          $336,000 not specified except that the Department of  




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          Justice is authorized to use up to 7% of that total amount  
          appropriated for administration costs; 7% of $4.5 million  
          is $315,000, so it may be that the total appropriated  
          should be $4,815,000; however, it may also be argued that  
          since a specific amount is "left-over" for the Department,  
           the bill might be clearer if that amount was referenced  
          rather than the 7%; regardless, should the amount  
          appropriated be changed to $4,815,000  ?  
           
          This bill requires a report back on or before January 31,  
          2005; the sponsor indicates that an annual report is  
          intended as well and that the reports are to be funded  
          through the $315,000 appropriated for administrative costs;  
           should annual reports be specified, and, if so, should no  
          date be specified since it is unclear when the pilots will  
          actually commence  ?

          SHOULD ANY OF THESE ISSUES BE ADDRESSED AT THIS TIME?





          3.   Are Provisions in the Penal and Education Codes  
          Pertaining to School Safety Focussed  ?

          The California Constitution and the Education and Penal  
          Codes set forth a variety of rights, goals, and programs  
          aimed at achieving school safety.

          The sponsor of this bill suggests a need for focussed  
          training statewide.  This bill adds another component to  
          the mix of school safety efforts statewide.  As noted  
          above, existing law creates the School Community Policing  
          Partnership Act of 1998 to provide financial assistance to  
          school districts and county offices of education to ensure  
          safe, secure, and peaceful school campuses as guaranteed by  
          the California Constitution through the use of a community  
          policing approach to school crime and safety issues.





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          The School Community Policing Partnership Grant Program is  
          administered by the State Department of Education through  
          the School/Law Enforcement Partnership to (1) develop  
          application criteria and procedures for local education  
          agencies; (2) award grants to school districts, county  
          offices of education, or a consortium of school districts  
          and county offices of education; (3) evaluate the  
          effectiveness of the funded projects; and (4) report  
          biennially to the Legislature and Governor on the results of  
          the program.  (Education Code sections 32296 et seq.)  It  
          may be that the existing partnership Act could be augmented  
          to carry out the implementation of this bill, since there is  
          an already existing school/law enforcement relationship.


          DOES THIS BILL ACCOMPLISH THE GOAL OF PROVIDING THE FOCUS  
          ARGUABLY NOW MISSING IN TRAINING TO ACHIEVE SCHOOL SAFETY?


          SHOULD THIS NEW PILOT PROGRAM BE CREATED WITHIN THE  
          DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE?


          4.   Related Legislation  




















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          SB 1580 (Alpert and Speier) would expand the present intent  
          of the Legislature that public schools with kindergarten  
          and grades 1 to 7, have access to supplemental resources to  
          establish programs and strategies that promote school  
          safety and emphasize violence prevention among children and  
          youth in the public schools, to include kindergarten and  
          grades 1 to 12, inclusive.  SB 1580 calls for the  
          Superintendent of Public Instruction to award grants - with  
          the Attorney General participating in the evaluation  
          process - and appropriates $100,000,000 for that purpose.


          5.   Technical Amendments  

          The sponsor indicates an error in the current amended  
          version of this bill on page 4, lines 1-5, the following  
          change should be made:

               32297.5.  The Department of Justice shall provide  
               funding to implement the training developed pursuant  
               to Section 32297.3 for a period of three years.   
               Funding shall  not  be used for the development and the  
               delivery of school safety training.

          SHOULD THIS AMENDMENT BE ADOPTED?



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