BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                       SENATE COMMITTEE ON Public Safety
                             Senator John Vasconcellos, Chair   S
                                1999-2000 Regular Session       B

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          SB 1831 (Hughes)                                      1
          As Amended April 13, 2000
          Hearing date:  April 25, 2000             VOTE ONLY
           Education Code
          SH:mc


                       SCHOOL SAFETY ACADEMY PILOT PROJECT  


                                    HISTORY


          Source:   Attorney General

          Prior Legislation: None

          Support:  California School Employees Association;  
                    California Federation of Teachers; California  
                    Child, Youth and Family Coalition

          Opposition:None known



                                        KEY ISSUES
           
          SHOULD A NEW SCHOOL SAFETY ACADEMY PILOT PROGRAM BE CREATED, TO BE  
          ADMINISTERED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, FOR THREE ACADEMIES TO  
          PROVIDE GROUP TRAINING RELATING TO SCHOOL SAFETY FOR 3 YEARS, AS  
          SPECIFIED?

          SHOULD $2,250,000 BE APPROPRIATED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE FOR  




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          ALLOCATION TO THE SCHOOL SAFETY ACADEMIES AND TO PAY FOR  
          ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS?



                                    PURPOSE
          
          The purpose of this bill is to create a new School Safety  
          Academy Pilot Program, to be administered by the Department  
          of Justice, for three academies to provide group training  
          relating to school safety for 3 years, as specified, and to  
          appropriate $2,250,000 to fund the pilot programs.

          The California Constitution provides that all students and  
          staff of public primary, elementary, junior high, and  
          senior high schools have the inalienable right to attend  
          campuses, which are safe, secure and peaceful.  (Article I,  
          Section 28(c))  The Legislature recognizes that right in  
          statute.  (Penal Code section 628.5 and Education Code
          section 32261)

           Existing law  creates the School Community Policing  
          Partnership Act of 1998 to provide financial assistance to  
          school districts and county offices of education to ensure  
          safe, secure, and peaceful school campuses as guaranteed by  
          the California Constitution through the use of a community  
          policing approach to school crime and safety issues.  The  
          School Community Policing Partnership Grant Program is  
          administered by the State Department of Education through  
          the School/Law Enforcement Partnership to (1) develop  
          application criteria and procedures for local education  
          agencies; (2) award grants to school districts, county  
          offices of education, or a consortium of school districts  
          and county offices of education; (3) evaluate the  
          effectiveness of the funded projects; and (4) report  
          biennially to the Legislature and Governor on the results  
          of the program.  (Education Code sections 32296 et seq.)

           Existing law  creates the School Safety and Violence  
          Prevention Act for the purpose of promoting school safety  




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          and emphasizing violence prevention among children and  
          youth in public schools, grades 8-12.  (Education Code  
          section 32228 et seq.)

           Existing law  provides for reporting on school crime and  
          requires all school districts to submit school crime data  
          to the State Department of Education and requires the DOE  
          to make that data available, including a report to the  
          Legislature of a summary of the statewide aggregated data  
          not later than March 1 of each year for the previous school  
          year, as specified.  (Penal Code sections 628 et. seq.)

           Existing law  creates the School Violence Prevention and  
          Response Act of 1999 and the School Violence Prevention and  
          Response Task Force with responsibilities which include  
          making recommendations on how to enhance state and local  
          programs and training to adequately prepare school  
          districts and county offices of education to meet the  
          challenges stemming from disruptive and violent acts, or  
          both, on or near school campuses; these recommendations  
          shall include a discussion regarding the manner in which  
          the recommendations may be implemented within existing  
          resources.  (Education Code section 32239.5 et seq.)

           Existing law  provides that the governing board of any  
          school district may establish a security department under  
          the supervision of a chief of security or a police  
          department under the supervision of a chief of police, as  
          designated by, and under the direction of, the  
          superintendent of the school district.  School district  
          police are granted peace officer status, as prescribed.   
          (Education Code sections 38000 et seq. and Penal Code
          section 830.32)

           Existing law  creates in the State Department of Education  
          School Safety and Security Resource Unit; the Interagency  
          School Safety Demonstration Act of 1985; and the School/Law  
          Enforcement Partnership comprised of the Superintendent of  
          Public Instruction and the Attorney General and sets forth  
          various requirements for that partnership, including the  




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          establishment of statewide interagency school safety cadre.  
           (Education Code sections 32251, 32260, 32262, 32290)

           Existing law  states the intent of the Legislature that all  
          California public schools, in kindergarten, and grades 1 to  
          12, inclusive, operated by school districts, in cooperation  
          with local law enforcement agencies, community leaders,  
          parents, pupils, teachers, administrators, and other  
          persons who may be interested in the prevention of campus  
          crime and violence, develop a comprehensive school safety  
          plan that addresses the safety concerns identified through  
          a systematic planning process.  Law enforcement agencies  
          include local police departments, county sheriffs' offices,  
          school district police or security departments, probation  
          departments, and district attorneys' offices.  A "safety  
          plan" means a plan to develop strategies aimed at the  
          prevention of, and education about, potential incidents  
          involving crime and violence on the school campus.   
          (Education Code section 35294)

           Existing law  contains Legislative findings and declarations  
          that include that the education mission of schools may be  
          thwarted when school campuses are not safe, secure, and  
          peaceful and effective school management can improve school  
          safety and decrease violence and criminal behavior.   
          Therefore, it is the intent of the Legislature that the  
          Commission on Teacher Credentialing adopt standards that  
          address the principles of school safety in the preparation  
          of future classroom teachers, school administrators, school  
          counselors, and other pupil personnel service providers as  
          a condition for licensing these prospective practitioners.   
          (Education Code section 44276.1)

           Existing law  requires a school site plan which shall  
          contain numerous requirements, including improved school  
          environment as measured by indicators such as (A) the  
          incidence among pupils of absenteeism, suspension,  
          expulsion, and dropouts and the incidence and costs of  
          school violence, vandalism, and theft of school or private  
          property while participating in school activities.   




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          (Education Code section 52015)

           Existing law  establishes the Commission on Peace Officers  
          Standards and Training with staffing support from the  
          Attorney General.  Duties of POST include establishing  
          minimum standards and training requirements relating to  
          specified peace officers and developing and implementing  
          programs to increase the effectiveness of law enforcement  
          and when such programs involve training and education  
          courses to cooperate with and secure the cooperation of  
          state-level officers, agencies, and bodies having  
          jurisdiction over systems of public higher education in  
          continuing the development of college-level training and  
          education programs.  (Penal Code sections 13500 et seq.)

           This bill  does the following:

          1.Requires that the Department of Justice, in consultation  
            with the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and  
            Training, establish a three year School Safety Academy  
            Pilot Project utilizing the school safety academies.  The  
            School Safety Academy Pilot Project is to be administered  
            by the Department of Justice, through the Crime and  
            Violence Prevention Center, for the purpose of providing  
            comprehensive school safety training for those  
            responsible for school safety and school community  
            violence prevention, as specified.

          2.Defines "school safety academies" to mean training  
            facilities chosen by the Department through a competitive  
            process established by this bill.

          3.States that each academy is to provide training to  
            juvenile specialists, school district police officers,  
            school resource officers, school security officers,  
            school administrators, campus supervisors and monitors,  
            parent volunteers, and others responsible for school  
            safety and school community violence prevention

          4.The Department of Justice shall establish minimum  




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            standards, funding schedules, and procedures for awarding  
            grants, as specified, including convening an advisory  
            workshop for direction and technical assistance.

          5.The Department shall fund applicants that propose to  
            establish an academy in southern California, in northern  
            California, or in central California, or any combination  
            of the three.

          6.The Department is to provide funding to the school safety  
            academies to develop and implement integrated,  
            comprehensive school safety training for those  
            responsible for school safety and school community  
            violence prevention, with the training to include, but  
            not be limited to, the following:

             (A)     Role of school police officers.
             (B)         Role of school administrators.
             (C)         Role of campus security and safety  
               personnel.
             (D)         School and community relations.
             (E)         School crime reporting.
             (F)         Conflict resolution and youth mediation.
             (G)         Crisis intervention and response.
             (H)         Juvenile justice system.
             (I)         Diversity training.
             (J)         Role of probation and parole officers.
             (AA)        Effective school safety strategies and  
               planning.
             (BB)        Role of law enforcement on school campuses.
             (CC)        Role of child protective services workers.
             (DD)        Hate crimes.

          1.Requires each safe school academy conduct between four  
            and six sessions each year to consist of a maximum of 30  
            participants in each session.

          2.Requires each school safety academy develop a specialty  
            that will advance school community policing practices.





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          3.Requires the Department (a) after two years of operation  
            and every year thereafter, to provide the Governor and  
            the Legislature with an annual report describing the  
            progress and effectiveness of the school safety academies  
            and (b) to evaluate the effectiveness of the pilot  
            project by contracting with an independent evaluator to  
            develop and deliver a final evaluation report to the  
            Legislature and the Governor on or before January 31,  
            2005; the pilot project authority is repealed on January  
            1, 2006.

          4.Appropriates $2.250 million for the three-year pilot  
            program with the Department of Justice authorized to use  
            up to 5% of that total for administration.

          5.Makes related changes.

                                    COMMENTS

          1.   Need for This Bill
           
          According to the sponsor:

               There is no single training center or institution in  
               California for those individuals responsible for  
               school safety to train together.  Current school  
               safety training programs are discipline-based and,  
               therefore, fragmented statewide.  While there are many  
               individual school safety training programs being  
               offered by various training systems, no one entity has  
               brought all of the appropriate school safety personnel  
               together to train them at the same time.  Many areas  
               related to school community policing and violence  
               prevention, including collaboration with other  
               agencies and conflict resolution/youth mediation are  
               not covered in current training.  Furthermore, school  
               safety personnel without peace officer status,  
               teachers or parents volunteering on school campuses  
               cannot take POST courses.





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               The academies will provide comprehensive training to  
               all individuals who work in or around a school campus.  
                Additionally, the academies would provide  
               cross-training between disciplines which increases the  
               opportunities for interagency school partnerships and  
               enhances school safety.

          2.   How Would This Bill Work?  

          Discussions with the sponsor had indicated an expectation  
          that the regional academies will present 4 or more classes  
          per year, with approximately 30 attendees per class.  The  
          expectation would be to develop a formal accreditation  
          which would result in attendees being given a certificate  
          which might meet any continuing education credits which may  
          apply to any of the attendees.  Attendance would be  
          subsidized by the academies.  (  The April 13, 2000,  
          amendments do specify that each academy shall conduct  
          between 4 to 6 sessions per year with up to 30 participants  
          at each  .)

          The analysis of this bill for the April 4, 2000, hearing  
          mentioned several issues which have no been addressed in  
          the latest set of amendments.

          For example, it appeared in the previous versions of this  
          bill to be entirely up to the regional academies to develop  
          a curriculum, including each to provide training for rural  
          school areas; the April 13 amendments create an advisory  
          workshop to aid in the design of the curriculums.  
           
          The appropriate role for the Commission on Peace Officer  
          Standards and Training may not have been clear in the  
          previous version of this bill; (  the April 13 amendments  
          specify that the role of POST is one of "consultation"  
          rather than the previous "cooperation." )

          This bill assigns no role to the Department of Education or  
          the Superintendent of Public Instruction (see Comment 4  
          below regarding SB 1580 which would appropriate $100  




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          million to the Superintendent for school safety grants with  
          participation by the Attorney General); would consultation  
          with those offices and others take place regardless of any  
          language in the bill?  (NOTE:  The April 13 amendments  
          require the Department to convene an advisory workshop with  
          specified experts, which includes school safety and  
          education experts, which could include persons from the  
          Department of Education and the Superintendent's office.)

          3.   Are Provisions in the Penal and Education Codes  
          Pertaining to School Safety Focussed?  

          The California Constitution and the Education and Penal  
          Codes set forth a variety of rights, goals, and programs  
          aimed at achieving school safety.

          The sponsor of this bill suggests a need for focussed  
          training statewide.  This bill adds another component to  
          the mix of school safety efforts statewide.  As noted  
          above, existing law creates the School Community Policing  
          Partnership Act of 1998 to provide financial assistance to  
          school districts and county offices of education to ensure  
          safe, secure, and peaceful school campuses as guaranteed by  
          the California Constitution through the use of a community  
          policing approach to school crime and safety issues.

          The School Community Policing Partnership Grant Program is  
          administered by the State Department of Education through  
          the School/Law Enforcement Partnership to (1) develop  
          application criteria and procedures for local education  
          agencies; (2) award grants to school districts, county  
          offices of education, or a consortium of school districts  
          and county offices of education; (3) evaluate the  
          effectiveness of the funded projects; and (4) report  
          biennially to the Legislature and Governor on the results of  
          the program.  (Education Code sections 32296 et seq.)  It  
          may be that the existing partnership Act could be augmented  
          to carry out the implementation of this bill, since there is  
          an already existing school/law enforcement relationship.   
          (NOTE:  See the Senate Committee on Education analysis of SB  




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          1580 (Alpert) from that committee's March 29, 2000, hearing  
          for a discussion under staff comments of the possibly  
          confusing nature of at least the somewhat duplicative bills  
          on school safety from the 1999 session.)


          DOES THIS BILL ACCOMPLISH THE GOAL OF PROVIDING THE FOCUS  
          ARGUABLY NOW MISSING IN TRAINING TO ACHIEVE SCHOOL SAFETY?


          SHOULD THIS NEW PILOT PROGRAM BE CREATED WITHIN THE  
          DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE?


          4.   Related Legislation  





























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          SB 1580 (Alpert and Speier) would expand the present intent  
          of the Legislature that public schools with kindergarten  
          and grades 1 to 7, have access to supplemental resources to  
          establish programs and strategies that promote school  
          safety and emphasize violence prevention among children and  
          youth in the public schools, to include kindergarten and  
          grades 1 to 12, inclusive.  SB 1580 calls for the  
          Superintendent of Public Instruction to award grants - with  
          the Attorney General participating in the evaluation  
          process - and appropriates $100,000,000 for that purpose.   
          SB 1580 is in the Senate Appropriations Committee.    

           5.   Most Recent Amendments; Additional drafting Issues the  
            Author May Wish to Consider  

          The April 13, 2000, amendments to this bill make a number  
          of changes, including the deletion of three specified  
          locations for the new "school safety academies" and the  
          addition of a competitive process for the selection of the  
          academies, as follows:

               (b)  The Department of Justice shall establish minimum  
               standards, funding schedules, and procedures for  
               awarding grants, that shall include, but not be  
               limited to, all of the following:
               (1)  Demonstrated ability to administer a  
               comprehensive multidiscipline training program.
               (2)  Demonstrated ability to develop and implement a  
               training plan that provides comprehensive school  
               safety training to law enforcement, education, social  
               service agencies, youth organizations, probation,  
               community, and other school safety personnel.
               (3)  Demonstrated knowledge of law enforcement and  
               education statutes, policies and procedures, the  
               juvenile justice system, and school safety issues and  
               strategies.
               (c)  Based upon the competitive selection process, the  
               department shall fund applicants that propose to  
               establish an academy in southern California, in  











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               northern California, or in central California, or any  
               combination of the three.
               (d)  The Department of Justice shall convene a  
               workshop comprised of school safety experts  
               representing each funded academy, education,   
               probation, law enforcement, school police, social  
               services, mental health, school security, school  
               administrators, and parents, and shall include an  
               evaluator  The workgroup shall do all of the  
               following:
               (1)  Provide direction and technical assistance for  
               the development of the academy curriculum and the  
               delivery of training. 
               (2)  Ensure that all current training systems will be  
               included and that existing training will not be  
               duplicated.
               (3)  Assist with the development of an official school  
               safety certification for the project.
               (4)  Provide technical assistance regarding obtaining  
               training credits, individual discipline certification,  
               and a reimbursement for expenses.
               (5)  Provide ongoing technical assistance to the  
               School Safety Academy Pilot Project for the three year  
               pilot period.

          The April 13 amendments also include that each academy  
          shall conduct between four and six session each year with a  
          maximum of 30 participants at each session; that a yearly  
          report to the Governor and Legislature shall be made - in  
          addition to the final evaluation; that the amount of money  
          appropriated shall be $2.250 million rather than $4.836  
          million; and that the maximum amount the Department may use  
          for "administration" of the project is 5% of each year's  
          appropriation to the programs rather than simply 7%.

          The sponsor may wish to also consider amendments to address  
          the following additional issues: (1) this bill now refers  
                    to the "Crime and Violence Prevention Center" which exists  
          administratively within the Department of Justice, but that  
          Center does not appear in statutes, so the sponsor could  











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          consider defining that Center in this bill or adding  
          "within the Department" after Center on page 2, line 11;  
          (2) this bill requires a final report on or before January  
          1, 2005, and a yearly report is now required after two  
          years of operation, but it may not be clear whether that  
          refers to operation of the academies or operation of this  
          bill which sets the process in motion, so additional  
          clarification of the yearly reporting requirements may at  
          some point be appropriate; and (3) the funding in this bill  
          appears to be intended for a three year period but the  
          money appropriated is not "without regard to fiscal year"  
          so it is possibly unclear whether or not additional money  
          in future state budgets would be needed to implement the  
          full three year period, thus the sponsor may wish to  
          clarify that at some point, if necessary.  


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