BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       


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                                 THIRD READING
                                        

          Bill No:  SB 2183
          Author:   Soto (D)
          Amended:  5/26/00
          Vote:     27

            
           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  5-0, 4/25/00
          AYES:  Vasconcellos, Burton, McPherson, Polanco, Rainey
          NOT VOTING:  Johnston

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  8-3, 5/25/00
          AYES:  Johnston, Alpert, Bowen, Burton, Karnette,  
            McPherson, Perata, Vasconcellos
          NOES:  Kelley, Leslie, Mountjoy
          NOT VOTING:  Escutia, Johnson
           

           SUBJECT  :    Child victims of violence and children exposed  
          to violence

           SOURCE  :     UCLA Trauma Psychiatry Program

           
           DIGEST  :    This bill appropriates $1,550,000 from the  
          General Fund to the Office of Criminal Justice Planning  
          (OCJP) for distribution to the UCLA Trauma Psychiatry  
          Program for the purpose of operating over a period of three  
          years, for the first year of a three-year pilot program, an  
          expanded version of a child trauma reduction pilot program  
          that currently provides trauma and grief intervention to  
          students.

           ANALYSIS  :    This bill contains the following legislative  
          declarations:
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          1.The Office of Criminal Justice Planning currently funds a  
            child trauma reduction pilot program in one school  
            cluster consisting of one senior high school and two to  
            four middle feeder junior high schools in northwest  
            Pasadena that provides trauma and grief intervention  
            services.

          2.The pilot program identifies youth that are in need of  
            postviolence and postdisaster mental health services.   
            Many of the students who participated in this program  
            suffered severe and debilitating chronic Posttraumatic  
            Stress Disorder and had lost their motivation for  
            learning.

          3.The pilot program has been successful in reducing  
            post-traumatic stress symptoms and in improving classroom  
            behavior and academic achievement.

          This bill provides that the pilot program shall be extended  
          from one to five clusters, two of which would be located in  
          northern California and three in southern California with  
          specific sites selected by the project partners in  
          conjunction with the Office of Criminal Justice Planning.

          The bill appropriates the sum of one million five hundred  
          fifty thousand dollars ($1,550,000) for one year from the  
          General Fund to the Office of Criminal Justice Planning for  
          the purpose of operating for the first time of a three-year  
          pilot program, an expanded version of the child trauma  
          reduction pilot program that currently provides trauma and  
          grief intervention in one cluster consisting of one high  
          school and two junior high schools in northwest Pasadena.   
          The bill requires that the program be expanded from one to  
          five clusters, two of which would be located in northern  
          California and three in southern California with specific  
          sites selected by the project partners in conjunction with  
          the Office of Criminal Justice Planning.  In selecting the  
          five sites for implementation of the program, the Office of  
          Criminal Justice Planning and the project partners shall  
          consider:

          1.The amount of crime and violence to which students are  
            exposed in the surrounding community.







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          2.The ability of the program managers to develop a  
            coordinated plan with school and community mental health  
            services, local victim-witness assistance programs, and  
            local law enforcement officials.

          3.Approval of the program by the governing school district.

          Requires the program to include an evaluation component  
          wherein the Legislative Analyst's Office would be required  
          to conduct or contract with another entity to conduct an  
          evaluation in which students treated in the program are  
          compared against a control group.  The sum of $150,000 is  
          appropriated to the Legislative Analyst's Office for the  
          purpose of conducting the evaluation.

          Requires the Office of Criminal Justice Planning to report  
          on the program to the Legislature annually, on an interim  
          basis, and shall provide a full report by February 1, 2004.  
           The report would be required to include, but not be  
          limited to, a cost benefit analysis and a recommendation  
          with cost component on implementing the program statewide.

          Specifies that the evaluation by the Legislative Analyst's  
          Office is to  assess delivery and achievement of program  
          objectives, including enrollment rates of program  
          participants in postsecondary institutions.

          Requires the on-site program partners to conduct  
          intervention outcome analyses within and across sites and  
          shall report to the Legislative Analyst's Office based on  
          the following domains:

          1.Psychological distress.

          2.School performance, including attendance, class failure  
            rates, dropout rates and grade point average.

          3.Social behavior, including violent aggressive and  
            classroom disruptive behavior.

          4.Behavioral and functional disturbance, including chronic  
            posttraumatic stress disorder and attention deficit  
            symptoms.







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          5.Coping and adjustment, including disciplinary action and  
            family functioning.

          Requires the evaluation to include a cost-benefit analysis  
          with regard to public safety, education, and health service  
          benefits.

          The bill declares that it is the intent of the Legislature  
          that, with respect to future funding, alternative funding  
          options be pursued and no appropriation be made from the  
          General Fund for this program unless the evaluation  
          required by this act demonstrates the feasibility of  
          statewide implementation of the program.
          According to the Senate Public Safety Committee analysis,  
          research has indicated that young people who are abused and  
          exposed to violence are prone to psychological problems and  
          may be particularly likely to become involved in violence  
          and crime.

          1.UCLA Psychiatry Study as to Effects of Victimization and  
            Exposure to Violence:

            Many [students exposed to violence] suffer from  
            persistent symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder  
            (PTSD) that can last for many years after the experience  
            with violence . . . Our own findings indicate that  
            traumatized youth are more likely to be disciplined in  
            school, fail academically, attend alternative schools,  
            and be in the custody of the California Youth Authority.

            Treatment Options:  Funding and Site of UCLA Program

          2.There is an emerging national consensus that school-based  
            programs are the most efficacious and cost-effective  
            means to deliver post-violence or post-disaster mental  
            health services to youth and their families.  Through  
            funding from OCJP, the UCLA Trauma Psychiatry Program is  
            entering its third year of implementing a school-based  
            trauma and grief focused intervention for a high school  
            and feeder junior high school complex in northwest  
            Pasadena.

          3.Study Assessment Tools, Implementation







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            The UCLA group has tested "survey and clinical evaluation  
            tools" and developed protocols for group intervention in  
            a school setting.  In the program, staff members work  
            with parents, victim assistance programs, and juvenile  
            justice personnel.  The program provides high quality  
            mental health care to many students.

          4.Positive Results of Prior Programs

            UCLA Trauma Psychiatry . . . conducted a pilot  
            school-based trauma focused intervention as Woodward  
            Elementary School in Inglewood, California.  The most  
            severely affected children showed significant reduction  
            of their chronic posttraumatic stress symptoms . . .  
            Treated children improved in the following areas:   
            capacity for attention, appropriate expression of anger,  
            compliance with classroom rules, and pro-social activity  
            with peers.

            Preliminary results from the ongoing . . . program  
            in Pasadena are extremely encouraging.  During  
            treatment, there is significant reduction in PTSD  
            and depression.  Entering treatment, 60 percent had  
            been failing two or more classes.  These students  
            have raised their grades substantially after one  
            semester of treatment.  Almost all of the program  
            participants who were in special classrooms were  
            returned to regular classes.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  Yes   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

                          Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions             2000-01       2001-02      
           2002-03   Fund  

          Trauma program   $1,550*   $1,550      $1,550     General

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/25/00)

          UCLA Trauma Psychiatry Program (source)
          California Psychological Association







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          Children's Hospital, Oakland, Department of Psychiatry
          Los Angeles Unified School District
          Pasadena Unified School District
          Urban Counties Caucus
          University of California, San Francisco
          San Bernardino City Unified School District Police  
          Department

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    Background provided by the author  
          asserts:  The National Institute of Justice has found that  
          43 percent of male adolescents and 35 percent of female  
          adolescents have witnessed violence such as a shooting,  
          knifing, sexual assault, or mugging.  Among those, 15  
          percent developed Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).   
          Many are despondent, reserved, and do not perform well in  
          school.  They are more likely to commit crimes and are less  
          likely to be productive citizens.
          Yet, despite the negative effects of witnessing  
          violence, these kids do not receive much assistance or  
          counseling.  These children are the forgotten victims  
          of crime.

          The UCLA Trauma Psychiatry Program and the Office of  
          Criminal Justice and Planning have been operating a pilot  
          program in northwest Pasadena for the past three years.  It  
          is a school-based, trauma-grief focused intervention  
          program that has been very successful in treating junior  
          high and high school students.  These students improved  
          school performance greatly, felt better about themselves,  
          and became more motivated to become productive citizens.


          RJG:kb  05/26/2000   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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